SharpDXを利用して、DotSpatialの図形描画

DotSpatialの図形の描画は、Windows Formsアプリケーションで標準で利用されているGDI+が利用されています。ただし、GDI+は、基本的な2D処理のAPIのみで構成されているため、ハードウェアを抽象化するためゲームのような高速な画像処理には適していません。

そこで、画像描画性能を向上させるために登場したのが、DirectXです。DirectX は Windows や Xbox 360 などで使える、ゲームやマルチメディアなどの高速な描画が要求されるアプリケーション開発に用いられる API で、描画の計算を CPU ではなく、GPU によって処理されます。GPU は CPU とは異なり、並列処理に特化したアーキテクチャになっており、画像処理が高速化されます。

ただし、DirectX は C++ で書かれているネイティブの API であり .NET Framework ではありません。そのままの状態では C# から利用することはできませんでしたが、最近は便利な世の中になっており、DirectXをC#でも利用できるよう、ラッパーライブラリが出ています。

今回は、DirectXでもメジャーなライブラリであるSharpDxを利用して、DotSpatialの図形の描画を行いました。

１．描画の比較

GDI+で描画した場合

以下の画面イメージは、従来のDotSpatialを利用して、三豊市の市町村界をラインで表示したものですが、最小ライン幅が1pxまでしか表現できませんした。なんか不細工です。

SharpDXで描画した場合

一方、SharpDxを使用して描画した場合は、最小ライン幅が1px以下でも設定可能になる（以下は0.2px）ため、繊細な表現が可能になります。

さらに、SharpDxでは、svgファイルの表示や3Dの表示も可能になるので、今後のGIS開発では必須のライブラリともいえます。

２．事前準備

まず最初に、SharpDxを入手します。SharpDxのサイトからDLして、.Net4.5.1でビルドしました。
今回は3D等は利用しないので、以下のライブラリを参照に追加しました。
・SharpDX.Desktop.dll
・SharpDX.Direct2D1.dll
・SharpDX.dll
・SharpDX.DXGI.dll
・SharpDX.Mathematics.dll

３．修正箇所

今回のSharpDxを利用した、DotSpatialの修正個所配下の通りです。修正個所が多いため、抜粋しています。

Map.cs

using SD = System.Drawing;
using SDX = SharpDX;
using SDX2D = SharpDX.Direct2D1;
using SDXDW = SharpDX.DirectWrite;
using SDXWin = SharpDX.Windows;
using SDXMath = SharpDX.Mathematics.Interop;
namespace DotSpatial.Controls
{
    public partial class Map : UserControl, IMap, IMessageFilter
    {
        public SDX2D.Factory Factory2D { get; private set; }
        public SDXDW.Factory FactoryDWrite { get; private set; }
        public SDX2D.WindowRenderTarget WinRenderTarget { get; private set; }
        public SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget BmpRenderTarget { get; private set; }
        
        public Map()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            InitDirect2DAndDirectWrite();
            Configure();
            Application.AddMessageFilter(this);
        }

        private void InitDirect2DAndDirectWrite()
        {
            this.Factory2D = new SDX2D.Factory();
            this.FactoryDWrite = new SDXDW.Factory();
            var hrtProps = new SDX2D.HwndRenderTargetProperties();
            hrtProps.Hwnd = this.Handle;
            hrtProps.PixelSize = new SDX.Size2(this.ClientSize.Width, this.ClientSize.Height);
            hrtProps.PresentOptions = SDX2D.PresentOptions.None;
            var rtProps = new SDX2D.RenderTargetProperties(new SDX2D.PixelFormat(SDX.DXGI.Format.Unknown, SDX2D.AlphaMode.Premultiplied));
            this.WinRenderTarget = new SDX2D.WindowRenderTarget(Factory2D, rtProps, hrtProps);
            this.WinRenderTarget.AntialiasMode = SDX2D.AntialiasMode.PerPrimitive;
            this.WinRenderTarget.TextAntialiasMode = SDX2D.TextAntialiasMode.Cleartype;
        }

        protected virtual void Draw(Graphics g, PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            var rawRect = new SDXMath.RawRectangleF(e.ClipRectangle.Left, e.ClipRectangle.Top, e.ClipRectangle.Right, e.ClipRectangle.Bottom);
            var evtDx = new PaintEventArgsDx(this.WinRenderTarget, this.BmpRenderTarget, this.Factory2D, rawRect);
            _geoMapFrame.DrawDx(evtDx);
        }


        protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
        {
            if (_geoMapFrame.IsPanning) { return; }

            var clip = e.ClipRectangle;
            var rawClip = new SDXMath.RawRectangleF(e.ClipRectangle.Left, e.ClipRectangle.Top, e.ClipRectangle.Right, e.ClipRectangle.Bottom);
            var rawClipWidth = Math.Abs(rawClip.Right - rawClip.Left);
            var rawClipHeight = Math.Abs(rawClip.Top - rawClip.Bottom);
            if (rawClipWidth < 1 || rawClipHeight < 1) { return; } //Direct2D用のビットマップ this.BmpRenderTarget = new SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget( this.WinRenderTarget,SDX2D.CompatibleRenderTargetOptions.None, new SDX.Size2F(rawClipWidth, rawClipHeight), null, null); var dxBrush = new SDX2D.SolidColorBrush(this.WinRenderTarget, SDX.Color.FromAbgr(BackColor.ToArgb())); this.BmpRenderTarget.FillRectangle(new SDXMath.RawRectangleF(0f, 0f, clip.Width, clip.Height), dxBrush); using (var m = new Matrix()) { m.Translate(-clip.X, -clip.Y); g.Transform = m; Draw(g, e); var args = new MapDrawArgs(g, clip, _geoMapFrame); args.WinRenderTarget = this.WinRenderTarget; args.BmpRenderTarget = this.BmpRenderTarget; args.Factory2D = this.Factory2D; foreach (var tool in MapFunctions.Where(_ => _.Enabled))
                {
                    tool.Draw(args);
                }

                var pe = new PaintEventArgs(g, e.ClipRectangle);
                base.OnPaint(pe);
            }

            // e.Graphics.DrawImageUnscaled(stencil, clip.X, clip.Y);

            //画像をウィンドウに描画
      //      this.WinRenderTarget.BeginDraw();
      //      this.WinRenderTarget.DrawBitmap(this.BmpRenderTarget.Bitmap, 1.0f, SDX2D.BitmapInterpolationMode.NearestNeighbor);
      //      this.WinRenderTarget.EndDraw();
        }
    }
}

using SD = System.Drawing;

using SDX = SharpDX;

using SDX2D = SharpDX.Direct2D1;

using SDXDW = SharpDX.DirectWrite;

using SDXWin = SharpDX.Windows;

using SDXMath = SharpDX.Mathematics.Interop;

namespace DotSpatial.Controls

{

public partial class Map : UserControl, IMap, IMessageFilter

{

public SDX2D.Factory Factory2D { get; private set; }

public SDXDW.Factory FactoryDWrite { get; private set; }

public SDX2D.WindowRenderTarget WinRenderTarget { get; private set; }

public SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget BmpRenderTarget { get; private set; }

public Map()

{

InitializeComponent();

InitDirect2DAndDirectWrite();

Configure();

Application.AddMessageFilter(this);

}

private void InitDirect2DAndDirectWrite()

{

this.Factory2D = new SDX2D.Factory();

this.FactoryDWrite = new SDXDW.Factory();

var hrtProps = new SDX2D.HwndRenderTargetProperties();

hrtProps.Hwnd = this.Handle;

hrtProps.PixelSize = new SDX.Size2(this.ClientSize.Width, this.ClientSize.Height);

hrtProps.PresentOptions = SDX2D.PresentOptions.None;

var rtProps = new SDX2D.RenderTargetProperties(new SDX2D.PixelFormat(SDX.DXGI.Format.Unknown, SDX2D.AlphaMode.Premultiplied));

this.WinRenderTarget = new SDX2D.WindowRenderTarget(Factory2D, rtProps, hrtProps);

this.WinRenderTarget.AntialiasMode = SDX2D.AntialiasMode.PerPrimitive;

this.WinRenderTarget.TextAntialiasMode = SDX2D.TextAntialiasMode.Cleartype;

}

protected virtual void Draw(Graphics g, PaintEventArgs e)

{

var rawRect = new SDXMath.RawRectangleF(e.ClipRectangle.Left, e.ClipRectangle.Top, e.ClipRectangle.Right, e.ClipRectangle.Bottom);

var evtDx = new PaintEventArgsDx(this.WinRenderTarget, this.BmpRenderTarget, this.Factory2D, rawRect);

_geoMapFrame.DrawDx(evtDx);

}

protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)

{

if (_geoMapFrame.IsPanning) { return; }

var clip = e.ClipRectangle;

var rawClip = new SDXMath.RawRectangleF(e.ClipRectangle.Left, e.ClipRectangle.Top, e.ClipRectangle.Right, e.ClipRectangle.Bottom);

var rawClipWidth = Math.Abs(rawClip.Right - rawClip.Left);

var rawClipHeight = Math.Abs(rawClip.Top - rawClip.Bottom);

if (rawClipWidth < 1 || rawClipHeight < 1) { return; } //Direct2D用のビットマップ this.BmpRenderTarget = new SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget( this.WinRenderTarget,SDX2D.CompatibleRenderTargetOptions.None, new SDX.Size2F(rawClipWidth, rawClipHeight), null, null); var dxBrush = new SDX2D.SolidColorBrush(this.WinRenderTarget, SDX.Color.FromAbgr(BackColor.ToArgb())); this.BmpRenderTarget.FillRectangle(new SDXMath.RawRectangleF(0f, 0f, clip.Width, clip.Height), dxBrush); using (var m = new Matrix()) { m.Translate(-clip.X, -clip.Y); g.Transform = m; Draw(g, e); var args = new MapDrawArgs(g, clip, _geoMapFrame); args.WinRenderTarget = this.WinRenderTarget; args.BmpRenderTarget = this.BmpRenderTarget; args.Factory2D = this.Factory2D; foreach (var tool in MapFunctions.Where(_ => _.Enabled))

{

tool.Draw(args);

}

var pe = new PaintEventArgs(g, e.ClipRectangle);

base.OnPaint(pe);

}

// e.Graphics.DrawImageUnscaled(stencil, clip.X, clip.Y);

//画像をウィンドウに描画

// this.WinRenderTarget.BeginDraw();

// this.WinRenderTarget.DrawBitmap(this.BmpRenderTarget.Bitmap, 1.0f, SDX2D.BitmapInterpolationMode.NearestNeighbor);

// this.WinRenderTarget.EndDraw();

}

MapFrame.cs

namespace DotSpatial.Controls
{
    public partial class MapFrame : UserControl, IMap, IMessageFilter
    {
        public SDX2D.WindowRenderTarget WinRenderTarget { get; set; }
        public SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget BmpRenderTarget { get; set; }
        public SDX2D.Factory Factory2D { get; set; }

        public virtual void Initialize(List regions)
        {
            bool setView = false;
            if (_backBuffer == null)
            {
                _backBuffer = CreateBuffer();
                var mapDx = (MapDx)_parent;
                this.WinRenderTarget = mapDx.WinRenderTarget;
                this.Factory2D = mapDx.Factory2D;
                this.BmpRenderTarget = new SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget(this.WinRenderTarget,
                    SDX2D.CompatibleRenderTargetOptions.None, new SDX.Size2F(_backBuffer.Width, _backBuffer.Height), null, null);
            }

            MapArgs args = new MapArgs(ClientRectangle, ViewExtents, bufferDevice);
            args.WinRenderTarget = this.WinRenderTarget;
            args.BmpRenderTarget = this.BmpRenderTarget;

            this.BmpRenderTarget.BeginDraw();
            this.BmpRenderTarget.Clear(SDX.Color.White);
            this.BmpRenderTarget.EndDraw();
         }

        public SDXMath.RawRectangleF ParentToViewDX(SDXMath.RawRectangleF clip)
        {
            var height = Math.Abs(clip.Bottom - clip.Top);
            var width = Math.Abs(clip.Left - clip.Right);
            var result = new SDXMath.RawRectangleF
            {
                Top = View.X + (clip.Top * View.Width) / _parent.ClientRectangle.Width,
                Left = View.Y + (clip.Left * View.Height) / _parent.ClientRectangle.Height,
                Right = width * View.Width / _parent.ClientRectangle.Width,
                Bottom = height * View.Height / _parent.ClientRectangle.Height
            };
            return result;
        }

        public void DrawDx(PaintEventArgsDx pedx)
        {
            if (this.BmpRenderTarget == null) { return; }
            var rawClip = pedx.ClipRawRectangle;
            var height = Math.Abs(rawClip.Bottom - rawClip.Top);
            var width = Math.Abs(rawClip.Left - rawClip.Right);
            var clipView = ParentToViewDX(rawClip);
            if (width == 0 || height == 0) { return; }
            var vheight = Math.Abs(clipView.Bottom - clipView.Top);
            var vwidth = Math.Abs(clipView.Left - clipView.Right);
            if (vwidth == 0 || vheight == 0) { return; }
            try
            {
                this.WinRenderTarget.BeginDraw();
                this.WinRenderTarget.DrawBitmap(this.BmpRenderTarget.Bitmap, rawClip, 1, SDX2D.BitmapInterpolationMode.NearestNeighbor, clipView);
                this.WinRenderTarget.EndDraw();
            }
            catch
            {
                // There was an exception (probably because of sizing issues) so don't bother with the chunk timer.
            }
            //base.OnPaint(pe);
        }
        …
    }
}

namespace DotSpatial.Controls

{

public partial class MapFrame : UserControl, IMap, IMessageFilter

{

public SDX2D.WindowRenderTarget WinRenderTarget { get; set; }

public SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget BmpRenderTarget { get; set; }

public SDX2D.Factory Factory2D { get; set; }

public virtual void Initialize(List regions)

{

bool setView = false;

if (_backBuffer == null)

{

_backBuffer = CreateBuffer();

var mapDx = (MapDx)_parent;

this.WinRenderTarget = mapDx.WinRenderTarget;

this.Factory2D = mapDx.Factory2D;

this.BmpRenderTarget = new SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget(this.WinRenderTarget,

SDX2D.CompatibleRenderTargetOptions.None, new SDX.Size2F(_backBuffer.Width, _backBuffer.Height), null, null);

}

MapArgs args = new MapArgs(ClientRectangle, ViewExtents, bufferDevice);

args.WinRenderTarget = this.WinRenderTarget;

args.BmpRenderTarget = this.BmpRenderTarget;

this.BmpRenderTarget.BeginDraw();

this.BmpRenderTarget.Clear(SDX.Color.White);

this.BmpRenderTarget.EndDraw();

}

public SDXMath.RawRectangleF ParentToViewDX(SDXMath.RawRectangleF clip)

{

var height = Math.Abs(clip.Bottom - clip.Top);

var width = Math.Abs(clip.Left - clip.Right);

var result = new SDXMath.RawRectangleF

{

Top = View.X + (clip.Top * View.Width) / _parent.ClientRectangle.Width,

Left = View.Y + (clip.Left * View.Height) / _parent.ClientRectangle.Height,

Right = width * View.Width / _parent.ClientRectangle.Width,

Bottom = height * View.Height / _parent.ClientRectangle.Height

};

return result;

}

public void DrawDx(PaintEventArgsDx pedx)

{

if (this.BmpRenderTarget == null) { return; }

var rawClip = pedx.ClipRawRectangle;

var height = Math.Abs(rawClip.Bottom - rawClip.Top);

var width = Math.Abs(rawClip.Left - rawClip.Right);

var clipView = ParentToViewDX(rawClip);

if (width == 0 || height == 0) { return; }

var vheight = Math.Abs(clipView.Bottom - clipView.Top);

var vwidth = Math.Abs(clipView.Left - clipView.Right);

if (vwidth == 0 || vheight == 0) { return; }

try

{

this.WinRenderTarget.BeginDraw();

this.WinRenderTarget.DrawBitmap(this.BmpRenderTarget.Bitmap, rawClip, 1, SDX2D.BitmapInterpolationMode.NearestNeighbor, clipView);

this.WinRenderTarget.EndDraw();

}

catch

{

// There was an exception (probably because of sizing issues) so don't bother with the chunk timer.

}

//base.OnPaint(pe);

}

…

}

MapLineLayer.cs

namespace DotSpatial.Controls
{
    public class MapLineLayer : LineLayer, IMapLineLayer
    {
        private void DrawFeatures(MapArgs e, IEnumerable indices)
        {
            if (DrawnStatesNeeded)
            {
                for (int selectState = 0; selectState < 2-1; selectState++)
                {
                    foreach (ILineCategory category in Symbology.Categories)
                    {
                        foreach (IStroke stroke in ls.Strokes)
                        {
                            //stroke.DrawPath(g, graphPath, scale);
                            stroke.DrawPathDx(e.Factory2D, e.BmpRenderTarget, lines, scale);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

namespace DotSpatial.Controls

{

public class MapLineLayer : LineLayer, IMapLineLayer

{

private void DrawFeatures(MapArgs e, IEnumerable indices)

{

if (DrawnStatesNeeded)

{

for (int selectState = 0; selectState < 2-1; selectState++)

{

foreach (ILineCategory category in Symbology.Categories)

{

foreach (IStroke stroke in ls.Strokes)

{

//stroke.DrawPath(g, graphPath, scale);

stroke.DrawPathDx(e.Factory2D, e.BmpRenderTarget, lines, scale);

}

Stroke.cs

namespace DotSpatial.Symbology
{
    public class Stroke : Descriptor, IStroke
    {
        public virtual void DrawPathDx(SDX2D.Factory factory2D, SDX2D.BitmapRenderTarget bitmapRenderTarget, List<List<double[]>> lines, double scaleWidth)
        {

            if (_innerStroke != null)
            {
                _innerStroke.DrawPathDx(factory2D, bitmapRenderTarget, lines, scaleWidth);
                return;
            }
            try
            {

                bitmapRenderTarget.BeginDraw();
                var brush = new SDX2D.SolidColorBrush(bitmapRenderTarget, SDX.Color.Black);
                    //  renderTarget2D.DrawGeometry(pathGeom, brush);

                    for (int i = 0; i < lines.Count; i++)
                    {
                        for (int j = 0; j < lines[i].Count - 1; j++)
                        {
                            var vec1 = new SDXMath.RawVector2((float)lines[i][j][0], (float)lines[i][j][1]);
                            var vec2 = new SDXMath.RawVector2((float)lines[i][j + 1][0], (float)lines[i][j + 1][1]);
                            bitmapRenderTarget.DrawLine(vec1, vec2, brush, 0.5f);
                        }
                    }

                    // renderTarget2D.DrawLine(new RawVector2(100f, 100f), new RawVector2(200f, 200f), brush);
                    // renderTarget2D.DrawLine(new RawVector2(100f, 100f), new RawVector2(100f, 200f), brush);


                    bitmapRenderTarget.EndDraw();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine("Writeline Stroke.DrawPath2:" + ex);
            }
        }

    }

}